Sambar Server
4.2.1 / Squid 2.3 STABLE 2 |
11.0 Die Konfigurationsdatei |
In diesem Kapitel wird so ausführlich wie notwendig auf die Konfigurationsdatei squid.conf eingegangen. die squid.conf wurde komplett aus der Squidversion 2.2.STABLE3 übernommen. Einzelne Textteile wurden von uns übersetzt und dem Sinn nach wiedergegeben. Diese Texte sind farblich hervorgehoben. Noch ein Wort zu Linux Skripts: Zeilen die mit # gekennzeichnet sind werden als Kommentarzeilen angesehen und haben keinen Einfluss auf die Befehle.
# NETWORK OPTIONS # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # TAG: http_port # The port number where Squid will listen for HTTP client # requests. Default is 3128, for httpd-accel mode use port 80. # May be overridden with -a on the command line. # You may specify multiple ports here, but they MUST all be on # a single line. # Nummer des Ports, an dem squid auf Anfragen von HTTP-Clients # wartet. Die Voreinstellung (3128) kann mit dem Befehl # > squid -a portnummer geändert werden. # Es können mehrere Ports eingegeben werden, allerdings müssen # diese jeweils in einer extra Zeile aufgeführt sein. # http_port 3128 # TAG: icp_port # The port number where Squid sends and receives ICP requests to # and from neighbor caches. Default is 3130. To disable use # "0". May be overridden with -u on the command line. Squid bietet die # Möglichkeit einen kompletten Cache-Verbund aufzubauen. # Dabei können die einzelnen Systeme über das ICP ( Internet Cache # Protokoll) informationen untereinander austauschen. # Mit der Angabe 0" als Portnummer wird die funktion abgeschaltet. # #icp_port 3130 # TAG: htcp_port # The port number where Squid sends and receives ICP requests to # and from neighbor caches. Default is 4827. To disable use # "0". # To enable this option, you must use --enable-htcp with the # configure script. # Dieses Protokoll kann ebenfals für einen Cache-Verbund verwendet # werden. Dazu benötigen die Proxys untereinander das htcp- # Protokoll mit dem die Proxy-Server unabhängig miteinander # kommunizieren können. Nun muss hier für den Aufbau eines # Cache-Verbundes eine portnummer vergeben werden. # #htcp_port 4827 # TAG: mcast_groups # This tag specifies a list of multicast groups which your server # should join to receive multicasted ICP requests. # Mit diesem Tag wird der Proxy einer Gruppenliste zugewiesen, # über die er Anfragen empfangen kann. # NOTE! Be very careful what you put here! Be sure you # understand the difference between an ICP _query_ and an ICP # _reply_. This option is to be set only if you want to RECEIVE # multicast queries. Do NOT set this option to SEND multicast # ICP (use cache_peer for that). ICP replies are always sent via # unicast, so this option does not affect whether or not you will # receive replies from multicast group members. # VORSICHT! Man sollte aufpassen mit dem was hier eingefügt wird! # Man sollte den unterschied zwischen ICP-Anfrage und ICP-Antwort # verstanden haben. Es sollte keine Adresse angegeben werden die von # anderen Gruppen verwendet wird. # You must be very careful to NOT use a multicast address which # is already in use by another group of caches. NLANR has been # assigned a block of multicast address space for use in Web # Caching. Plese write to us at nlanr-cache@nlanr.net to receive # an address for your own use. # # If you are unsure about multicast, please read the Multicast # chapter in the Squid FAQ (http://squid.nlanr.net/Squid/FAQ/). # # Usage: mcast_groups 239.128.16.128 224.0.1.20 # # By default, Squid doesn't listen on any multicast groups. # #mcast_groups 239.128.16.128 # TAG: tcp_incoming_address # TAG: tcp_outgoing_address # TAG: udp_incoming_address # TAG: udp_outgoing_address # Usage: tcp_incoming_address 10.20.30.40 # udp_outgoing_address fully.qualified.domain.name # # tcp_incoming_address is used for the HTTP socket which # accepts # connections from clients and other caches. # tcp_outgoing_address is used for connections made to remote # servers and other caches. # udp_incoming_address is used for the ICP socket receiving # packets from other caches. # udp_outgoing_address is used for ICP packets sent out to other # caches. # # The default behaviour is to not bind to any specific address. # # NOTE, udp_incoming_address and udp_outgoing_address can not # have the same value (unless it is 0.0.0.0) since they both use # port 3130. # # Hier können unterschiedliche tcp Ein- und Ausgänge genauer # spezifiziert werden.udp wird für ICP packete verwendet. # #tcp_incoming_address 0.0.0.0 #tcp_outgoing_address 0.0.0.0 #udp_incoming_address 0.0.0.0 #udp_outgoing_address 0.0.0.0
# OPTIONS WHICH AFFECT THE NEIGHBOR SELECTION ALGORITHM #Möglichkeit welche die Auswahlprozedur der Cache-Verbunde beeinflusst. #D.h. es können verschiedene Einstellungen zu der Arbeit mit mehreren Caches #vorgenommen werden. Wir werden vorerst nicht auf dieses Thema weiter #eingehen. # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # TAG: cache_peer # To specify other caches in a hierarchy, use the format: # Hier können die verschiedenen Caches unterschiedlich eingestuft # werden in Haupt- und Nebencaches. # # hostname type http_port icp_port # # For example, # # # proxy icp # # hostname type port port options # # -------------------- -------- ----- ----- ----------- # cache_peer parent.foo.net parent 3128 3130 [proxy-only] # cache_peer sib1.foo.net sibling 3128 3130 [proxy-only] # cache_peer sib2.foo.net sibling 3128 3130 [proxy-only] # # type: either 'parent', 'sibling', or 'multicast'. # Die unterschiedlichen Einstellmöglichkeiten. parent" Hauptcache, # sibling" oder multicast" Nebencache # # proxy_port: The port number where the cache listens for proxy # requests. Die Portnummer wo der Cache auf anfragen des # Proxy lauscht. # # icp_port: Used for querying neighbor caches about # objects. To have a non-ICP neighbor # specify '7' for the ICP port and make sure the # neighbor machine has the UDP echo port # enabled in its /etc/inetd.conf file. # Wie oben schon beschrieben wird der icp_port zum # kommunizieren unter den Proxy-Servern verwendet. Wenn # ein Cache-Verbund ohne das ICP-Protokoll (Internet Cache # Protokoll aufgebaut werden soll, muss diese Option auf 7 # eingestellt sein. Und es muss in der /etc/inetd.conf Datei die # Echo option des UDP akriviert werden. # options: proxy-only # weight=n # ttl=n # no-query # default # round-robin # multicast-responder # closest-only # no-digest # no-netdb-exchange # no-delay # login=user:password # # use 'proxy-only' to specify that objects fetched # from this cache should not be saved locally. # Benütze die Einstellung proxy-only" um festzulegen, das die # geholte Seite nicht lokal gespeichert wird. # # use 'weight=n' to specify a weighted parent. # The weight must be an integer. The default weight # is 1, larger weights are favored more. # wieght=n" stellt die prioritäten der Hauptcaches ein. # Die Einstellung muss eine ganze Zahl sein. Die Priorität kann # durch verändern der Grundeinstellung 1 erhöht werden. # # # use 'ttl=n' to specify a IP multicast TTL to use # when sending an ICP request to this address. # Only useful when sending to a multicast group. # Because we don't accept ICP replies from random # hosts, you must configure other group members as # peers with the 'multicast-responder' option below. # # use 'no-query' to NOT send ICP queries to this # neighbor. # Die Angabe von no-query bewirkt, dass an den # angegebenenProxy keine ICP-Anfragen geschickt werden. # # use 'default' if this is a parent cache which can # be used as a "last-resort." You should probably # only use 'default' in situations where you cannot # use ICP with your parent cache(s). # Wenn dies ein Hauptcache sein soll der als letzter # Aufenthaltsort gilt kann die Einstellung default verwendet # werden. Aber meistens wird diese Option verwendet wenn # kein ICP unter den Hauptcaches benützt werden kann. # # use 'round-robin' to define a set of parents which # should be used in a round-robin fashion in the # absence of any ICP queries. # # 'multicast-responder' indicates that the named peer # is a member of a multicast group. ICP queries will # not be sent directly to the peer, but ICP replies # will be accepted from it. # multicast-responder zeigt auf, das der Proxy in diesem fall # peer in einer Gruppenliste enthalten ist.ICP Anfragen # werden nicht direkt zu peer gesendet, aber Antworten # werden von ihm angenommen. # # 'closest-only' indicates that, for ICP_OP_MISS # replies, we'll only forward CLOSEST_PARENT_MISSes # and never FIRST_PARENT_MISSes. # # use 'no-digest' to NOT request cache digests from # this neighbor. # # 'no-netdb-exchange' disables requesting ICMP # RTT database (NetDB) from the neighbor. # # use 'no-delay' to prevent access to this neighbor # from influencing the delay pools. # # use 'login=user:password' if this is a personal/workgroup # proxy and your parent requires proxy authentication. # # NOTE: non-ICP neighbors must be specified as 'parent'. # # cache_peer hostname type 3128 3130 # TAG: cache_peer_domain # Use to limit the domains for which a neighbor cache will be # queried. Usage: # Zum begrenzen der anfragen durch Nebencaches. # cache_peer_domain cache-host domain [domain ...] # cache_peer_domain cache-host !domain # # For example, specifying # # cache_peer_domain parent.foo.net .edu # # has the effect such that UDP query packets are sent to # 'bigserver' only when the requested object exists on a # server in the .edu domain. Prefixing the domainname # with '!' means that the cache will be queried for objects # NOT in that domain. # # NOTE: * Any number of domains may be given for a cache-host, # either on the same or separate lines. # * When multiple domains are given for a particular # cache-host, the first matched domain is applied. # * Cache hosts with no domain restrictions are queried # for all requests. # * There are no defaults. # * There is also a 'cache_peer_access' tag in the ACL # section. # TAG: neighbor_type_domain # usage: neighbor_type_domain parent|sibling domain domain ... # # Modifying the neighbor type for specific domains is now # possible. You can treat some domains differently than the the # default neighbor type specified on the 'cache_peer' line. # Normally it should only be necessary to list domains which # should be treated differently because the default neighbor type # applies for hostnames which do not match domains listed here. # #EXAMPLE: # cache_peer parent cache.foo.org 3128 3130 # neighbor_type_domain cache.foo.org sibling .com .net # neighbor_type_domain cache.foo.org sibling .au .de # TAG: icp_query_timeout (msec) # Normally Squid will automatically determine an optimal ICP # query timeout value based on the round-trip-time of recent ICP # queries. If you want to override the value determined by # Squid, set this 'icp_query_timeout' to a non-zero value. This # value is specified in MILLISECONDS, so, to use a 2-second # timeout (the old default), you would write: # # icp_query_timeout 2000 # #icp_query_timeout 0 # TAG: mcast_icp_query_timeout (msec) # For Multicast peers, Squid regularly sends out ICP "probes" to # count how many other peers are listening on the given multicast # address. This value specifies how long Squid should wait to # count all the replies. The default is 2000 msec, or 2 # seconds. # #mcast_icp_query_timeout 2000 # TAG: dead_peer_timeout (seconds) # This controls how long Squid waits to declare a peer cache # as "dead." If there are no ICP replies received in this # amount of time, Squid will declare the peer dead and not # expect to receive any further ICP replies. However, it # continues to send ICP queries, and will mark the peer as # alive upon receipt of the first subsequent ICP reply. # # This timeout also affects when Squid expects to receive ICP # replies from peers. If more than 'dead_peer' seconds have # passed since the last ICP reply was received, Squid will not # expect to receive an ICP reply on the next query. Thus, if # your time between requests is greater than this timeout, you # will see a lot of requests sent DIRECT to origin servers # instead of to your parents. # #dead_peer_timeout 10 seconds # TAG: hierarchy_stoplist # A list of words which, if found in a URL, cause the object to # be handled directly by this cache. In other words, use this # to not query neighbor caches for certain objects. You may # list this option multiple times. # # The default is to directly fetch URLs containing 'cgi-bin' or '?'. # #hierarchy_stoplist cgi-bin ? # TAG: no_cache # A list of ACL elements which, if matched, cause the reply to # immediately removed from the cache. In other words, use this # to force certain objects to never be cached. # # You must use the word 'DENY' to indicate the ACL names which # should NOT be cached. # # There is no default. We recommend you uncomment the following # two lines. # #acl QUERY urlpath_regex cgi-bin \? #no_cache deny QUERY
# OPTIONS WHICH AFFECT THE CACHE SIZE # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # TAG: cache_mem (bytes) #NOTE: THIS PARAMETER DOES NOT SPECIFY THE #MAXIMUM PROCESS SIZE. IT PLACES A LIMIT ON ONE ASPECT #OF SQUID'S MEMORY USAGE. SQUID USES MEMORY FOR OTHER #THINGS AS WELL YOUR PROCESS WILL PROBABLY BECOME #TWICE OR THREE TIMES # BIGGER THAN THE VALUE YOU PUT HERE # Diese Einstellung darf nicht die maximale Speichergröße # beinhalten.Es bildet nur einen Teil des Cache-Speicher welcher Squid # zur Verfühgung steht. # Da Squid auch noch Speicher für andere Bereiche benötigt. # # # 'cache_mem' specifies the ideal amount of memory to be used # for: # cache_mem" begrentz auf die beste Verarbeitungsgröße im gebrauch # für: # # * In-Transit objects # * Hot Objects # * Negative-Cached objects # # Data for these objects are stored in 4 KB blocks. This # parameter specifies the ideal upper limit on the total size of # 4 KB blocks allocated. In-Transit objects take the highest # priority. # Daten werden in 4 KB Blocks gespeichert. Dieser Wert sollte als # oberstes Limit angesetzt werden.Die eingehenden Objekte haben # oberste Priorität. # # In-transit objects have priority over the others. When # additional space is needed for incoming data, negative-cached # and hot objects will be released. In other words, the # negative-cached and hot objects will fill up any unused space # not needed for in-transit objects. # Wenn zusätzlich platz für eingehende Objekte benötigt wird, dann # werden die Negativ-Cached objekte und Hot objekte in einen anderen # Speicherbereich verlagert. # # If circumstances require, this limit will be exceeded. # Specifically, if your incoming request rate requires more than # 'cache_mem' of memory to hold in-transit objects, Squid will # exceed this limit to satisfy the new requests. When the load # decreases, blocks will be freed until the high-water mark is # reached. Thereafter, blocks will be used to store hot # objects. # Wenn es die Umstände erfordern wird der Wert erhöht. Squid benützt # solange mehr Speicher bis die Anfragen erfüllt wurden. Danach wird # der Speicher für Hot objekte verwendet. # # The values of cache_mem_low and cache_mem_high (below) can be # used to tune the use of the memory pool. When the high mark is # reached, in-transit and hot objects will be released to clear # space. When an object transfer is completed, it will remain in # memory only if the current memory usage is below the low water # mark. # Mit cache_mem_low" und cache_mem_high" kann eine Unter- und # Obergrenze angegeben werden. Ist die Obergrenze erreicht, dann # werden die In-Transit und HotObjekte für den Löschbereich # freigegeben. # # The default is 8 Megabytes. # cache_mem 16 MB # TAG: cache_swap_low (percent, 0-100) # TAG: cache_swap_high (percent, 0-100) # The low- and high-water marks for cache LRU replacement. LRU # replacement begins when the high-water mark is reached and ends # when enough objects have been removed and the low-water mark is # reached. Defaults are 90% and 95%. If you have a large cache, 5% # could be hundreds of MB. If this is the case you may wish to # set these numbers closer together. # Diese Cache Art wird aktiviert, wenn die Ober- bzw Untergrenze # erreicht ist.Die Grundeinstellungen sind in % angegeben. Man kann # auch beide werte auf die Gleiche höhe setzen. # #cache_swap_low 90 #cache_swap_high 95 # TAG: maximum_object_size (bytes) # Objects larger than this size will NOT be saved on disk. The # value is specified in kilobytes, and the default is 4MB. If # you wish to get a high BYTES hit ratio, you should probably # increase this (one 32 MB object hit counts for 3200 10KB # hits). If you wish to increase speed more than your want to # save bandwidth you should leave this low. # Objekte die größer sind, als diese Obergrenze werden nicht local # gespeichert.Wenn Sie die Ladegeschwindigkeit beschleunigen wollen, # sollte der Wert so niedrig gehalten werden wie möglich. # #maximum_object_size 4096 KB # TAG: ipcache_size (number of entries) # TAG: ipcache_low (percent) # TAG: ipcache_high (percent) # The size, low-, and high-water marks for the IP cache. # #ipcache_size 1024 #ipcache_low 90 #ipcache_high 95 # TAG: fqdncache_size (number of entries) # Maximum number of FQDN cache entries. #fqdncache_size 1024
# LOGFILE PATHNAMES AND CACHE DIRECTORIES # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # TAG: cache_dir # Usage: # # cache_dir Directory-Name Mbytes Level-1 Level2 # # You can specify multiple cache_dir lines to spread the # cache among different disk partitions. # Man kann mehrere Cache Verzeichnisse auf verschiedene Festplatten # Partitionen legen. # # 'Directory' is a top-level directory where cache swap # files will be stored. If you want to use an entire disk # for caching, then this can be the mount-point directory. # The directory must exist and be writable by the Squid # process. Squid will NOT create this directory for you. # Das Verzeichnis gibt den Pfad an wo der Cache Speicherbereich liegen # soll.Wenn ein extra Laufwerk für denn Cachebereich verwendet wird, # muss der Pfad zum gemounteten Laufwerk führen,z.B (/dev/mnt). Auf # einem extra Laufwerk müssen Cache Verzeichnisse manuel angelegt # werden. # # If no 'cache_dir' lines are specified, the following # default will be used: /var/squid/cache. # Die Grundeinstellung ist /var/squid/cache. # # 'Mbytes' is the amount of disk space (MB) to use under this # directory. The default is 100 MB. Change this to suit your # configuration. # Die erste Zahl bestimmt die größe des Speicherbereiches der für ein # Verzeichnis zur Verfügung stehen soll. Die Angabe erfolgt in MByte. # Grundeinstellung: 100 MB. # # 'Level-1' is the number of first-level subdirectories which # will be created under the 'Directory'. The default is 16. # Die zweite Zahl (Stufe1) bestimmt die Anzahl der Unterverzeichnisse # die im oben erstellten Verzeichnis erstellt werden sollen. # Grundeinstellung: 16 Verzeichnisse. # # 'Level-2' is the number of second-level subdirectories which # will be created under each first-level directory. The default # is 256. # # Die dritte Zahl (Stuf 2) gibt an wieviele Unterverzeichnisse in jedem # oben in Stufe1 erstellten Verzeichnis angelegt werden dürfen. # Grundeinstellung: 256 Verzeichnisse. # cache_dir /var/squid/cache 100 16 256 # TAG: cache_access_log # Logs the client request activity. Contains an entry for # every HTTP and ICP request received. # In dem angegebenen Pfad befindet sich eine Logdatei, welche die # zugriffe der Clients Dokumentiert. # #cache_access_log /var/squid/logs/access.log # TAG: cache_log # Cache logging file. This is where general information about # your cache's behaviour goes. You can increase the amount of data # logged to this file with the "debug_options" tag below. # Die Cache Logindatei beinhaltet allgemeine Informationen über das # Cacheverhalten. Mit der debug_option" Einstellung kann man die # Datenmenge erhöhen. # #cache_log /var/squid/logs/cache.log # TAG: cache_store_log # Logs the activities of the storage manager. Shows which # objects are ejected from the cache, and which objects are # saved and for how long. To disable, enter "none". There are # not really utilities to analyse this data, so you can safely # disable it. # Dokumentiert welche Objekte gelöscht wurden und was gespeichert # ist. Auch die Zeit wird dokumentiert.Um diese Einstellung zu # deaktivieren muss none" eingesetzt werden. Es gibt keine # Analysesoftware um diese Datei auszuwerten, daher kann man die # Logdatei deaktivieren. # #cache_store_log /var/squid/logs/store.log # TAG: cache_swap_log # Location for the cache "swap.log." This log file holds the # metadata of objects saved on disk. It is used to rebuild the # cache during startup. Normally this file resides in the first # 'cache_dir' directory, but you may specify an alternate # pathname here. Note you must give a full filename, not just # a directory. Since this is the index for the whole object # list you CANNOT periodically rotate it! # Logdatei für den Zusatzcache. Diese Datei hält die # Zwischenspeicherungen fest. Sie wird für den Aufbau während des # startvorgangs benutzt. Normalerweise befindet sich diese Datei im # Hauptverzeichnis, aber man kann hier auch einen anderen Pfadnamen # eingeben. Es muss ein Dateiname eingegeben werden, kein Verzeichnis. # # If you have more than one 'cache_dir', these swap logs will # have names such as: # Wenn man mehrer Hauptverzeichnise besitzt,haben die Logdateien # unterschiedliche Bezeichnungen,wie z.B. : # # cache_swap_log.00 # cache_swap_log.01 # cache_swap_log.02 # # The numbered extension (which is added automatically) # corresponds to the order of the 'cache_dir' lines in this # configuration file. If you change the order of the 'cache_dir' # lines in this file, then these log files will NOT correspond to # the correct 'cache_dir' entry (unless you manually rename # them). We recommend that you do NOT use this option. It is # better to keep these log files in each 'cache_dir' directory. # Die nummerische Erhöung erfolgt automatisch. Es wird empfohlen # keine Veränderungen vorzunehmen. # #cache_swap_log # TAG: emulate_httpd_log on|off # The Cache can emulate the log file format which many 'httpd' # programs use. To disable/enable this emulation, set # emulate_httpd_log to 'off' or 'on'. The default # is to use the native log format since it includes useful # information that Squid-specific log analysers use. # Der Cache kann das Dateiformat welche viele httpd" Programme # benützen erstellen. Die Einstellung erfolgt über das anhängsel on oder # off. Die Einstellung sollte verwendet werden, weil diese Datei nützliche # Daten beinhaltet. # #emulate_httpd_log off # TAG: mime_table # Pathname to Squid's MIME table. You shouldn't need to change # this, but the default file contains examples and formatting # information if you do. # MIME steht für (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extansions) und # ermöglicht das versenden von binären Dateien.Dieser Pfad führt zu # Squid´s MIME Tabelle. Diese Datei wird nicht unbedingt benötigt sie # enthält Beispiele und Formatinformationen. # #mime_table /usr/share/squid/mime.conf # TAG: log_mime_hdrs on|off # The Cache can record both the request and the response MIME # headers for each HTTP transaction. The headers are encoded # safely and will appear as two bracketed fields at the end of # the access log (for either the native or httpd-emulated log # formats). To enable this logging set log_mime_hdrs to 'on'. # #log_mime_hdrs off # TAG: useragent_log # If configured with the "--enable-useragent_log" configure # option, Squid will write the User-Agent field from HTTP # requests to the filename specified here. By default # useragent_log is disabled. # #useragent_log none # TAG: pid_filename # A filename to write the process-id to. To disable, enter "none". # Ein Dateiname um die Prozessnummer zu notieren. # #pid_filename /var/squid/logs/squid.pid # TAG: debug_options # Logging options are set as section,level where each source file # is assigned a unique section. Lower levels result in less # output, Full debugging (level 9) can result in a very large # log file, so be careful. The magic word "ALL" sets debugging # levels for all sections. We recommend normally running with # "ALL,1". # Die logins werden in Abschnitte eingeteilt, jeder Quelledatei wird ein # einzigartiger Abschitt mit einem level zugewiesen. Niedrigere level # haben weniger Ausgaben zur Folge. Hohe level Einstellungen (level 9) # vergrößern die Logdateien. Mit der Einstellung ALL wird allen # Abschnitten der gleiche level zugeteilt. Grundeinstellung und # Empfehlung: ALL,1 # #debug_options ALL,1 # TAG: log_fqdn on|off # Turn this on if you wish to log fully qualified domain names # in the access.log. To do this Squid does a DNS lookup of all # IP's connecting to it. This can (in some situations) increase # latency, which makes your cache seem slower for interactive # browsing. # Diese Option sollte verwendet werden um die vollständigen # Domainnamen in die Logdatei access.log eintragen zu lassen. Squid # muss bei dieser Option immer bei einer IP eingabe nach der Domain # schauen, was die Wartezeit bei interaktiver Benutzungverlängert # Erscheinen lässt. # # log_fqdn off # TAG: client_netmask # A netmask for client addresses in logfiles and cachemgr output. # Change this to protect the privacy of your cache clients. # A netmask of 255.255.255.0 will log all IP's in that range with # the last digit set to '0'. # Hier kann eine NetMask eingetragen werden was den Benutzerkreis # einengt oder vergrößert. Die Voreinstellung ermöglicht höchstens # 254 Clients den zutritt. # #client_netmask 255.255.255.0
# OPTIONS FOR EXTERNAL SUPPORT PROGRAMS # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # TAG: ftp_user # If you want the anonymous login password to be more informative # (and enable the use of picky ftp servers), set this to something # resonable for your domain, like wwwuser@somewhere.net # # The reason why this is domainless by default is that the # request can be made on the behalf of a user in any domain, # depending on how the cache is used. # Some ftp server also validate that the email address is valid # (for example perl.com). # #ftp_user Squid@ # TAG: ftp_list_width # Sets the width of ftp listings. This should be set to fit in # the width of a standard browser. Setting this too small # can cut off long filenames when browsing ftp sites. # Legt die Breite von ftp einträgen fest, um zu vermeiden, dass lange # Dateinamen im Browserfenster (oben) abgeschnitten werden. # #ftp_list_width 32 # TAG: cache_dns_program # Specify the location of the executable for dnslookup process. # Testet verwendbare DnsServer sofern welche eingetragen sind. # #cache_dns_program /usr/sbin/dnsserver # TAG: dns_children # The number of processes spawn to service DNS name lookups. # For heavily loaded caches on large servers, you should # probably increase this value to at least 10. The maximum # is 32. The default is 5. # # To disable dnsservers, set this to 0. NOTE, this is very # strongly discouraged. If you disable dnsservers your Squid # process will BLOCK on DNS lookups! # #dns_children 5 # TAG: dns_defnames on|off # Normally the 'dnsserver' disables the RES_DEFNAMES resolver # option (see res_init(3)). This prevents caches in a hierarchy # from interpreting single-component hostnames locally. To allow # dnsserver to handle single-component names, enable this # option. # #dns_defnames off # TAG: dns_nameservers # Use this if you want to specify a list of DNS name servers # (IP addresses) to use instead of those given in your # /etc/resolv.conf file. # # Example: dns_nameservers 10.0.0.1 192.172.0.4 # Hier können verschiedene DNS Server eingetragen werden. # dns_nameservers 212.75.33.6 212.75.33.4 212.75.32.4 # TAG: unlinkd_program # Specify the location of the executable for file deletion process. # This isn't needed if you are using async-io since it's handled by # a thread. # #unlinkd_program /usr/sbin/unlinkd # TAG: pinger_program # Specify the location of the executable for the pinger process. # This is only useful if you configured Squid (during compliation) # with the '--enable-icmp' option. # #pinger_program /usr/sbin/pinger # TAG: redirect_program # Specify the location of the executable for the URL redirector. # Since they can perform almost any function there isn't one included. # See the Release-Notes for information on how to write one. # By default, a redirector is not used. # #redirect_program none # TAG: redirect_children # The number of redirector processes to spawn. If you start # too few Squid will have to wait for them to process a backlog of # URLs, slowing it down. If you start too many they will use RAM # and other system resources. # #redirect_children 5 # TAG: redirect_rewrites_host_header # By default Squid rewrites any Host: header in redirected requests. # If you are running a accelerator then this may not be a wanted effect # of a redirector. #redirect_rewrites_host_header on # TAG: authenticate_program # Specify the command for the external authenticator. Such a # program reads a line containing "username password" and replies # "OK" or "ERR" in an endless loop. If you use an authenticator, # make sure you have 1 acl of type proxy_auth. By default, the # authenticator_program is not used. # # If you want to use the traditional proxy authentication, # jump over to the ../auth_modules/NCSA directory and # type: # % make # % make install # # Then, set this line to something like # # authenticate_program /usr/bin/ncsa_auth /usr/etc/passwd # #authenticate_program none # TAG: authenticate_children # The number of authenticator processes to spawn (default 5). If you # start too few Squid will have to wait for them to process a backlog # of usercode/password verifications, slowing it down. When password # verifications are done via a (slow) network you are likely to need # lots of authenticator processes. # #authenticate_children 5 # TAG: authenticate_ttl # The time a checked username/password combination remains cached # (default 3600). If a wrong password is given for a cached user, # the user gets removed from the username/password cache forcing # a revalidation. # #authenticate_ttl 3600
# OPTIONS FOR TUNING THE CACHE # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # TAG: wais_relay_host # TAG: wais_relay_port # Relay WAIS request to host (1st arg) at port (2 arg). # #wais_relay_host localhost #wais_relay_port 8000 # TAG: request_size (KB) # Maximum allowed request size in kilobytes. If people are using # POST to upload files, then set this to the largest acceptable # filesize plus a few extra kbytes. # #request_size 100 KB # TAG: refresh_pattern # usage: refresh_pattern [-i] regex min percent max [options] # # By default, regular expressions are CASE-SENSITIVE. To make # them case-insensitive, use the -i option. # # min and max are specified in MINUTES. # percent is an integer number. # # options: override-expire # override-lastmod # reload-into-ims # ignore-reload # # override-expire enforces min age even if the server # sent a Expires: header. Doing this VIOLATES the HTTP # standard. Enabling this feature could make you liable # for problems which it causes. # # override-lastmod enforces min age even on objects # that was modified recently. # # reload-into-ims changes client no-cache or ``reload'' # to If-Modified-Since requests. Doing this VIOLATES the # HTTP standard. Enabling this feature could make you # liable for problems which it causes. # # ignore-reload ignores a client no-cache or ``reload'' # header. Doing this VIOLATES the HTTP standard. Enabling # this feature could make you liable for problems which # it causes. # # Please see the file doc/Release-Notes-1.1.txt for a full # description of Squid's refresh algorithm. Basically a # cached object is: (the order is changed from 1.1.X) # # FRESH if expires < now, else STALE # STALE if age > max # FRESH if lm-factor < percent, else STALE # FRESH if age < min # else STALE # # The refresh_pattern lines are checked in the order listed here. # The first entry which matches is used. If none of the entries # match, then the default will be used. # #Default: #refresh_pattern ^ftp: 1440 20% 10080 #refresh_pattern ^gopher: 1440 0% 1440 #refresh_pattern . 0 20% 4320 # TAG: reference_age # As a part of normal operation, Squid performs Least Recently # Used removal of cached objects. The LRU age for removal is # computed dynamically, based on the amount of disk space in # use. The dynamic value can be seen in the Cache Manager 'info' # output. # # The 'reference_age' parameter defines the maximum LRU age. For # example, setting reference_age to '1 week' will cause objects # to be removed if they have not been accessed for a week or # more. The default value is one month. # # Specify a number here, followed by units of time. For example: # 1 week # 3.5 days # 4 months # 2.2 hours # #reference_age 1 month # TAG: quick_abort_min (KB) # TAG: quick_abort_max (KB) # TAG: quick_abort_pct (percent) # The cache can be configured to continue downloading aborted # requests. This may be undesirable on slow (e.g. SLIP) links # and/or very busy caches. Impatient users may tie up file # descriptors and bandwidth by repeatedly requesting and # immediately aborting downloads. # # When the user aborts a request, Squid will check the # quick_abort values to the amount of data transfered until # then. # # If the transfer has less than 'quick_abort_min' KB remaining, # it will finish the retrieval. Setting 'quick_abort_min' to -1 # will disable the quick_abort feature. # # If the transfer has more than 'quick_abort_max' KB remaining, # it will abort the retrieval. # # If more than 'quick_abort_pct' of the transfer has completed, # it will finish the retrieval. # #quick_abort_min 16 KB #quick_abort_max 16 KB #quick_abort_pct 95 # TAG: negative_ttl time-units # Time-to-Live (TTL) for failed requests. Certain types of # failures (such as "connection refused" and "404 Not Found") are # negatively-cached for a configurable amount of time. The # default is 5 minutes. Note that this is different from # negative caching of DNS lookups. # #negative_ttl 5 minutes # TAG: positive_dns_ttl time-units # Time-to-Live (TTL) for positive caching of successful DNS lookups. # Default is 6 hours (360 minutes). If you want to minimize the # use of Squid's ipcache, set this to 1, not 0. # #positive_dns_ttl 6 hours # TAG: negative_dns_ttl time-units # Time-to-Live (TTL) for negative caching of failed DNS lookups. # #negative_dns_ttl 5 minutes # TAG: range_offset_limit (bytes) # Sets a upper limit on how far into the the file a Range request # may be to cause Squid to prefetch the whole file. If beyond this # limit then Squid forwards the Range request as it is and the result # is NOT cached. # # This is to stop a far ahead range request (lets say start at 17MB) # from making Squid fetch the whole object up to that point before # sending anything to the client. # # A value of -1 causes Squid to always fetch the object from the # beginning so that it may cache the result. (2.0 style) # # A value of 0 causes Squid to never fetch more than the client # client requested. (default) # #range_offset_limit 0 KB
# TIMEOUTS # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # TAG: connect_timeout time-units # Some systems (notably Linux) can not be relied upon to properly # time out connect(2) requests. Therefore the Squid process # enforces its own timeout on server connections. This parameter # specifies how long to wait for the connect to complete. The # default is two minutes (120 seconds). # Dieser Parameter gibt die Wartezeit an bis die Verbindung 100% # lauffähig ist. # #connect_timeout 120 seconds # TAG: siteselect_timeout time-units # For URN to multiple URL's URL selection # Die URL Anfrage wird nach 4 sekunden eingestellt sofern sie nicht # gefunden wird # #siteselect_timeout 4 seconds # TAG: read_timeout time-units # The read_timeout is applied on server-side connections. After # each successful read(), the timeout will be extended by this # amount. If no data is read again after this amount of time, # the request is aborted and logged with ERR_READ_TIMEOUT. The # default is 15 minutes. # Wenn keine daten mehr gelesen werden schaltet der server die # Verbindung nach 15 minuten ab. Dies wird dann als ein # ERR_READ_TIMEOUT aufgezeichnet. # #read_timeout 15 minutes # TAG: request_timeout # How long to wait for an HTTP request after connection # establishment. For persistent connections, wait this long # after the previous request completes. # Zeigt an wie lange nach einem Verbindunsaufbau auf eine HTTP # Anfrage gewartet wird. Für hartnäckige Anfragen wird so lange # gewartet bis die vorherige Anfrage vollständig ist. # #request_timeout 30 seconds # TAG: client_lifetime time-units # The maximum amount of time that a client (browser) is allowed to # remain connected to the cache process. This protects the Cache # from having alot of sockets (and hence file descriptors) tied up # in a CLOSE_WAIT state from remote clients that go away without # properly shutting down (either because of a network failure or # because of a poor client implementation). The default is one # day, 1440 minutes. # Gibt die maximale Verbindunszeit an, die einem Client bei einem # Verbindunsaufbau zur Verfügung steht. Es kann dadurch vermieden # werden, dass durch unnötige Verbindungen das gesamte interne Netz # verlangsamt wird. # NOTE: The default value is intended to be much larger than any # client would ever need to be connected to your cache. You # should probably change client_lifetime only as a last resort. # If you seem to have many client connections tying up # filedescriptors, we recommend first tuning the read_timeout, # request_timeout, pconn_timeout and quick_abort values. # #client_lifetime 1 day # TAG: half_closed_clients # Some clients may shutdown the sending side of their TCP # connections, while leaving their receiving sides open. # Sometimes, # Squid can not tell the difference between a half-closed and a # fully-closed TCP connection. By default, half-closed client # connections are kept open until a read(2) or write(2) on the # socket returns an error. Change this option to 'off' and Squid # will immediately close client connections when read(2) returns # "no more data to read." # Bei der Einstellung off wird Squid sofort die Client Verbindung # schliessen wenn die Meldung keine daten mehr zu lesen erscheint #half_closed_clients on # TAG: pconn_timeout # Timeout for idle persistent connections to servers and other # proxies. # Auszeit für Verbindungen zu Serven und anderen Proxys, die nicht # mehr reagieren oder benötigt werden.. #pconn_timeout 120 seconds # TAG: ident_timeout # Maximum time to wait for IDENT requests. If this is too high, # and you enabled 'ident_lookup', then you might be susceptible # to denial-of-service by having many ident requests going at # once. # Maximale wartezeit für IDENT Anfragen. # This option may be disabled by using --disable-ident with # the configure script. #ident_timeout 10 seconds # TAG: shutdown_lifetime time-units # When SIGTERM or SIGHUP is received, the cache is put into # "shutdown pending" mode until all active sockets are closed. # This value is the lifetime to set for all open descriptors # during shutdown mode. Any active clients after this many # seconds will receive a 'timeout' message. # #shutdown_lifetime 30 seconds
# ACCESS CONTROLS # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Mit Hilfe von acl sind sehr viele Zugriffseinschränkungen möglich.Es # können einzelne IP´s oder auch URL´s gesperrt werden. # # TAG: acl # Defining an Access List # # acl aclname acltype string1 ... # acl aclname acltype "file" ... # # acl steht für den Befehl # aclname steht für die Bezeichnung z.B. einer Gruppe die, die # selben Freigabe Eigenschaften besitzen soll # acltyp zeigt die Eigenschaften welche nachfolgend einzelnd # beschrieben sind # # when using "file", the file should contain one item per line # # acltype is one of src dst srcdomain dstdomain url_pattern # urlpath_pattern time port proto method browser user # # By default, regular expressions are CASE-SENSITIVE. To make # them case-insensitive, use the -i option. # # acl aclname src ip-address/netmask ... (clients IP address) # acl aclname src addr1-addr2/netmask ... (range of addresses) # acl aclname dst ip-address/netmask ... (URL host's IP address) # acl aclname myip ip-address/netmask ... (local socket IP address) # # acl aclname srcdomain foo.com ... # reverse lookup, client IP # acl aclname dstdomain foo.com ... # Destination server from URL # acl aclname srcdom_regex [-i] xxx ... # regex matching client name # acl aclname dstdom_regex [-i] xxx ... # regex matching server # # For dstdomain and dstdom_regex a reverse lookup is tried if a IP # # based URL is used. The name "none" is used if the reverse lookup # # fails. # # Hier sind einige acltype Einstelungsmöglichkeiten aufgeführt: # src Angabe der IP-Adresse eines Clients in der Form # Adresse/Netmask. Es ist auch die verwendung von einer # Anfangs- und Endadresse möglich wobei diese Adressen mit # einem - getrennt werden müssen # dst Gleich wie src, aber die IP-Adresse des Rechners aus der URL # ist entscheident. # srcdomain Angabe einer Domain als Client # dstdomain Angabe einer Domain als Zieldomain # url_regex Ein String, der auch Wildcards (Platzhalter z.B. * ) # enthalten kann, wird mit dem Inhalt der Url verglichen. # urlpath_regex Ein String mit Wildcards wird mit dem URL-Pfad # verglichen # porto Angaben eines Protokols wie HTTP oder FTP # time Angaben von Zugriffszeiten und Tagen # # Hinter der Bezeichnung acltype kann auch ein Dateiname angegeben # werden in der entsprechende Zugriffsrechte erteilt werden. # acl aclname time [day-abbrevs] [h1:m1-h2:m2] # day-abbrevs: # S - Sunday # M - Monday # T - Tuesday # W - Wednesday # H - Thursday # F - Friday # A - Saturday # h1:m1 must be less than h2:m2 # acl aclname url_regex [-i] ^http:// ... # regex matching on whole URL # acl aclname urlpath_regex [-i] \.gif$ ... # regex matching on URL # path # acl aclname port 80 70 21 ... # acl aclname port 0-1024 ... # ranges allowed # acl aclname proto HTTP FTP ... # acl aclname method GET POST ... # acl aclname browser [-i] regexp # # pattern match on User-Agent header # acl aclname ident username ... # # string match on ident output. # # use REQUIRED to accept any non-null ident. # acl aclname src_as number ... # acl aclname dst_as number ... # # Except for access control, AS numbers can be used for # # routing of requests to specific caches. Here's an # # example for routing all requests for AS#1241 and only # # those to mycache.mydomain.net: # # acl asexample dst_as 1241 # # cache_peer_access mycache.mydomain.net allow asexample # # cache_peer_access mycache_mydomain.net deny all # # acl aclname proxy_auth username ... # # list of valid usernames # # use REQUIRED to accept any valid username. # # # # NOTE: when a Proxy-Authentication header is sent but it is not # # needed during ACL checking the username is NOT logged # # in access.log. # # # # NOTE: proxy_auth requires a EXTERNAL authentication program # # to check username/password combinations (see # # authenticate_program). # # # # WARNING: proxy_auth can't be used in a transparent proxy. It # # collides with any authentication done by origin servers. It may # # seem like it works at first, but it doesn't. # # acl aclname snmp_community string ... # # A community string to limit access to your SNMP Agent # # Example: # # # # acl snmppublic snmp_community public # #Examples: #acl myexample dst_as 1241 #acl password proxy_auth 300 # #Defaults: acl all src 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0 acl manager proto cache_object acl localhost src 127.0.0.1/255.255.255.255 acl allowed_hosts src 192.168.102.0/255.255.255.0 # Wir haben in unserem Netzwerk den Zugriff für die Gruppe mit dem # Namen allowed_hosts festgelegt die alle PC´s in dem Netz mit der # IP-Adresse 192.168.102.0 bis 192.168.102.255 beinhaltet. Die # Netzwerkgröße ist durch die Netmask bestimmt 255.255.255.0 # # TAG: http_access # Allowing or Denying access based on defined access lists # # Access to the HTTP port: # http_access allow|deny [!]aclname ... # # Access to the ICP port: # icp_access allow|deny [!]aclname ... # # NOTE on default values: # # If there are no "access" lines present, the default is to allow # the request. # # If none of the "access" lines cause a match, the default is the # opposite of the last line in the list. If the last line was # deny, then the default is allow. Conversely, if the last line # is allow, the default will be deny. For these reasons, it is a # good idea to have an "deny all" or "allow all" entry at the end # of your access lists to avoid potential confusion. # #Default configuration: # # INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS # http_access manager all http_access allow allowed_hosts http_access deny all # Unter diesem Menuepunkt wird der Zugriff für die einzelnen Gruppen # letzenlich erteilt. In unserem Beispiel wird durch http_access allow # allowed_hosts der Zugriff für die Gruppe der allowed_hosts # freigegeben. # # TAG: icp_access # Reply to all ICP queries we receive # icp_access allow allowed_hosts icp_access deny all # TAG: miss_access # Use to force your neighbors to use you as a sibling instead of # a parent. For example: # # acl localclients src 172.16.0.0/16 # miss_access allow localclients # miss_access deny !localclients # # This means that only your local clients are allowed to fetch # MISSES and all other clients can only fetch HITS. # # By default, allow all clients who passed the http_access rules # to fetch MISSES from us. # miss_access allow all # TAG: cache_peer_access # Similar to 'cache_peer_domain' but provides more flexibility by # using ACL elements. # # cache_peer_access cache-host allow|deny [!]aclname ... # # The syntax is identical to 'http_access' and the other lists of # ACL elements. See the comments for 'http_access' below, or # the Squid FAQ (http://squid.nlanr.net/Squid/FAQ/FAQ-10.html). # TAG: proxy_auth_realm # Specifies the realm name which is to be reported to the client for # proxy authentication (part of the text the user will see when # prompted their username and password). # #proxy_auth_realm Squid proxy-caching web server # TAG: ident_lookup_access # A list of ACL elements which, if matched, cause an ident # (RFC 931) lookup to be performed for this request. For # example, you might choose to always perform ident lookups # for your main multi-user Unix boxes, but not for your Macs # and PCs. By default, ident lookups are not performed for # any requests. # # To enable ident lookups for specific client addresses, you # can follow this example: # # acl ident_aware_hosts src 198.168.1.0/255.255.255.0 # ident_lookup_access allow ident_aware_hosts # ident_lookup_access deny all # # This option may be disabled by using --disable-ident with # the configure script. #ident_lookup_access deny all
# ADMINISTRATIVE PARAMETERS # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # TAG: cache_mgr # Email-address of local cache manager who will receive # mail if the cache dies. The default is "webmaster." # Hier kann die Adresse des Proxy Verwalters angegeben werden. cache_mgr swolf@ulmnetz.de # TAG: cache_effective_user # TAG: cache_effective_group # # If the cache is run as root, it will change its effective/real # UID/GID to the UID/GID specified below. The default is to # change to UID to nobody and GID to nogroup. # # If Squid is not started as root, the default is to keep the # current UID/GID. Note that if Squid is not started as root then # you cannot set http_port to a value lower than 1024. # Wenn Squid unter dem User root läuft sollte man hier einen anderen # user und eine andere Gruppe angeben #cache_effective_user squid #cache_effective_group nogroup # TAG: visible_hostname # If you want to present a special hostname in error messages, etc, # then define this. Otherwise, the return value of gethostname() # will be used. If you have multiple caches in a cluster and # get errors about IP-forwarding you must set them to have individual # names with this setting. # Bei Fehlermeldungen kann spezieller Hostname ausgegeben werden # der hier eingetragen wird visible_hostname lara.lin.net # TAG: unique_hostname # If you want to have multiple machines with the same # 'visible_hostname' then you must give each machine a different # 'unique_hostname' so that forwarding loops can be detected. # Falls man zwei oder mehrere PC´s mit dem selben Hostname besitzt # kann man diese mit diesem Eintrag unterscheiden. # SENT unless you enable it with 'announce_period' . #unique_hostname www-cache1.foo.org # OPTIONS FOR THE CACHE REGISTRATION SERVICE # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # # This section contains parameters for the (optional) cache # announcement service. This service is provided to help # cache administrators locate one another in order to join or # create cache hierarchies. # # An 'announcement' message is sent (via UDP) to the registration # service by Squid. By default, the annoucement message is NOT below # # The announcement message includes your hostname, plus the # following information from this configuration file: # # http_port # icp_port # cache_mgr # # All current information is processed regularly and made # available on the Web at http://ircache.nlanr.net/Cache/Tracker/. # TAG: announce_period # This is how frequently to send cache announcements. The # default is `0' which disables sending the announcement # messages. # # To enable announcing your cache, just uncomment the line # below. # Mit der Einstellung: announce_period 1 day # wird täglich eine Meldung mit dem Hostnamen und den folgenden # Informationen aus der Konfigurationsdatei ausgegeben. # http_port ; icp_port ; cache_mgr # # TAG: announce_host # TAG: announce_file # TAG: announce_port # announce_host and announce_port set the hostname and port # number where the registration message will be sent. # # Hostname will default to 'tracker.ircache.net' and port will # default default to 3131. If the 'filename' argument is given, # the contents of that file will be included in the announce # message. # #announce_host tracker.ircache.net #announce_port 3131 # HTTPD-ACCELERATOR OPTIONS #Einstellung zur httpd Beschleunigung # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # TAG: httpd_accel_host # TAG: httpd_accel_port # If you want to run Squid as an httpd accelerator, define the # host name and port number where the real HTTP server is. # # If you want virtual host support then specify the hostname # as "virtual". # # NOTE: enabling httpd_accel_host disables proxy-caching and # ICP. If you want these features enabled also, then set # the 'httpd_accel_with_proxy' option. # httpd_accel_host virtual httpd_accel_port 80 # TAG: httpd_accel_with_proxy on|off # If you want to use Squid as both a local httpd accelerator # and as a proxy, change this to 'on'. # httpd_accel_with_proxy on # TAG: httpd_accel_uses_host_header on|off # HTTP/1.1 requests include a Host: header which is basically the # hostname from the URL. Squid can be an accelerator for # different HTTP servers by looking at this header. However, # Squid does NOT check the value of the Host header, so it opens # a big security hole. We recommend that this option remain # disabled unless you are sure of what you are doing. # # However, you will need to enable this option if you run Squid # as a transparent proxy. Otherwise, virtual servers which # require the Host: header will not be properly cached. httpd_accel_uses_host_header on